1949 - A New China

The communist managed to take over China in 1949 led by MaoZedong during the civil war, which was due to poverty, the death of the last successor, and the different political powers.

October 1, 1949 will always be remembered as the day the Chinese Communist leader named Mao Zedong declared the big nation, China, as the People’s Republic of China (PRC). This ceremonywas to be viewed by 300,000 people, only in Beijing’s Tiananmen Squareitself.  It was a phenomenal change under the Chinese government, which would lead to a successful land reform throughout China “accounting for over 90 percent of the total nationalagricultural population”. These are great achievements that were enforced by the First Five-Year Plan period.

The declaration of the new government would change and impact enormous events such as the full-scale civil war they were having between the Chinese Communist Part and the Nationalists Party, also known as Kuomintang. This war broke out after the Second World War. The People’s Republic of China would also end the feud and long process of governmental disturbance known as the Chinese revolution of 1911. In addition this would lead to the United States admission to work with China.

The Question remains: how did the government emerge and what conditions led to its implementation? As simple as it may seem the Chinese Communist Party was created in 1921 in a town called Shanghai. They would join the Nationalists Army in the Northern Expedition (1926-27) to fight the nations warlords that were to avoid the forming of the strong central government. The CCP (Chinese Communist Party) would work within the Nationalist Party.

The civil war in China itself that had gained strength since 1947 would eventually lead to the Communist victory. The Communist seemed weak, as they did not hold major cities after the Second World War. But they were strong and had a tough military that was perfectly organized. Early 1947, the Government of the Republic of China (ROC) was in Taiwan looking for a “potential point of retreat”. The U.S government wanted to maintain its relations with the Nationalist China, but on the other hand it wasn’t ready to be charged with assisting the loss of Chine to communism. This would then soon lead to October 1949, where the military victories would lead to Mao Zedong announcing the creation of the PRC.  After which they fled to Taiwan in order to re-plan their strategies before retaking the mainland. 

The U.S government was determined to take role in China’s change in its government. August 1949, Truman published the “China White Paper” which explains the U.S policy with China. It states, “Only Chinese forces would be allowed to determine the outcome of their civil war”. This would then have no impact on the Chinese whatsoever, as it has failed to protect his policy of protecting china. This would then have led to the vocal Nationalist Government and army to be left in Taiwan, which then would increase the U.S anti-communists. Truman was infatuated by the idea of saving China from communism. Soon enough he would find out in October that the PRC was ready to take over Chinas government.

Sources: 

http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/civil_war_china_1945_to_1949.htm

http://history.state.gov/milestones/1945-1952/ChineseRev